Can anyone add to this list? (I did not include one-off types that have popped up here and there over the years.) Corrections also welcome. I can post examples of these if needed.
- 9x9 Extra Constraints
- Asterisk
- Calcudoku (Mathdoku, KenKen[tm]; math operation cages)
- Center Dot
- Chess Moves
- Clover
- Consecutive/Non-consecutive
- Diagonal (Sudoku-X)
- Disjoint Groups (Compass; positional colors/groups, Sudoku-P)
- Even-Odd
- Extra Groups (miscellaneous patterns)
- Girandola
- Greater-than/Less-than
- Killer (Sumdoku, Samunamupure; addition cages)
- Meandoku (the mean of two adjacent cells marked as >5, <5, =5)
- ORC (odd rows and columns are 1-9, no repeat)
- Touchless Wrapper (Toroidal Anti-Chess)
- VX (cages with sums to 5 and 10)
- Windoku (Hyperdoku, NRC, Sudoku-W)
Gattai (multiple overlapping grids)
- Butterfly (4)
- Clueless Explosion (10)
- Clueless Special (10)
- Flower (4)
- Harakiri (8)
- Kazaguruma (5; Windmill)
- Kunoichi (5)
- Large Gattai (miscellaneous shapes and sizes)
- Ninja (9)
- Samurai (5)
- Sensei-1 (2, 1-nonet overlap)
- Sensei-2 (2, 2-nonet overlap; Double-Doku, Two-Doku)
- Sensei-4 (2, 4-nonet overlap)
- Sensei-misc (2, miscellaneous overlap; Conjoined)
- Shaolin (25)
- Shogun (11)
- Sohei (4; Ring)
- Sumo (13; Super Samurai)
- Taiken (21; Circle)
- TripleDoku-1 (3, 1-nonet overlap)
- TripleDoku-2 (3, 2-nonet overlap)
- TripleDoku-4 (3, 4-nonet overlap)
- TripleDoku-misc (3, miscellaneous overlap)
- Wing-3 (3, V-shape)
- Wing-5 (5, V-shape)
Irregular Nonets
- Jigsaw
- No Boxes
- No Boxes Disjoint Groups (Plum)
- Toroidal
Large Grid
- 12x12
- 16x16
- Miscellaneous Sizes (7x7, 8x8, 25x25, etc.)
Sequential (Relay, Twin)
Sukaku (Pencil Mark; no givens)